CaltechTHESIS
  A Caltech Library Service

Interaction of Magnetic Field and Flow in the Outer Shells of Giant Planets

Citation

Liu, Junjun (2006) Interaction of Magnetic Field and Flow in the Outer Shells of Giant Planets. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/4PVM-0G30. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05252006-223939

Abstract

This study of the interaction of magnetic field and flow in the outer shells of giant planets consists of three parts.

Part one: The atmospheres of Jupiter and Saturn exhibit strong and stable zonal winds. Busse suggested that they might be the surface expression of deep flows on cylinders. However, the deep flow hypothesis experiences difficulty when account is taken of the electrical conductivity of molecular hydrogen as measured in shockwave experiments. The deep zonal flow of an electrically conducting fluid would produce a toroidal magnetic field, an associated poloidal electrical current, and Ohmic dissipation. In steady state, the total Ohmic dissipation cannot exceed the planet's net luminosity. If we assume that the observed zonal flow penetrates along cylinders until it is truncated to (near) zero at some spherical radius, the upper bound on Ohmic dissipation constrains this radius to be no smaller than 0.95 Jupiter radius and 0.87 Saturn radius. The truncation of the cylindrical flow in the convective envelope requires an appropriate force to break the Taylor-Proudman constraint. We have been unable to identify any plausible candidate. Thus we conclude that deep-seated cylindrical flows do not exist.

Part two: A fluid shell with sufficient electrical conductivity and azimuthal velocity shear outside of the dynamo generation region can attenuate the non-axisymmetric component of the magnetic field. However, the interaction of the axisymmetric component of the magnetic field and the zonal flow is able to reduce the magnitude of zonal flow. The dimensionless number characterizing this reduction is the Chandrasekhar number. The smaller Saturnian field may allow a larger velocity shear and a greater attenuation of the non-axisymmetric field, thereby providing a possible explanation for the nearly axisymmetric field.

Part three: Combining the study for the attenuation effect produced by the semi-conducting layer and the observation of the magnetic field by Galileo and Voyager, we find the possible outer boundary of the dynamo generation zone is at 0.86 Jupiter radius. The magnetic fields generated in the outer shell are dictated by a length scale comparable to the scale height of electrical conductivity, which is much smaller than the radius of the planet.

Item Type:Thesis (Dissertation (Ph.D.))
Subject Keywords:dynamo; giant planets; Interior; Jupiter; magnetic field; Neptune; Saturn; Uranus; wind
Degree Grantor:California Institute of Technology
Division:Geological and Planetary Sciences
Major Option:Planetary Sciences
Minor Option:Applied And Computational Mathematics
Thesis Availability:Public (worldwide access)
Research Advisor(s):
  • Stevenson, David John (advisor)
  • Goldreich, Peter Martin (advisor)
  • Ingersoll, Andrew P. (advisor)
Group:TAPIR, Astronomy Department
Thesis Committee:
  • Ingersoll, Andrew P. (chair)
  • Stevenson, David John
  • Goldreich, Peter Martin
  • Sari, Re'em
  • Schneider, Tapio
Defense Date:16 May 2006
Record Number:CaltechETD:etd-05252006-223939
Persistent URL:https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05252006-223939
DOI:10.7907/4PVM-0G30
Default Usage Policy:No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.
ID Code:2065
Collection:CaltechTHESIS
Deposited By: Imported from ETD-db
Deposited On:01 Jun 2006
Last Modified:25 Aug 2022 00:03

Thesis Files

[img]
Preview
PDF (thesis_liu.pdf) - Final Version
See Usage Policy.

1MB

Repository Staff Only: item control page