Citation
Pai, Alex Hao-Yu (2015) Sensing and Actuation from Biology to Electronics. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/Z9NC5Z5M. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:05302015-005943888
Abstract
We introduce an in vitro diagnostic magnetic biosensing platform for immunoassay and nucleic acid detection. The platform has key characteristics for a point-of-use (POU) diagnostic: portability, low-power consumption, low cost, and multiplexing capability. As a demonstration of capabilities, we use this platform for the room temperature, amplification-free detection of a 31 bp DNA oligomer and interferon-gamma (a protein relevant for tuberculosis diagnosis). Reliable assay measurements down to 100 pM for the DNA and 1 pM for the protein are demonstrated. We introduce a novel "magnetic freezing" technique for baseline measurement elimination and to enable spatial multiplexing. We have created a general protocol for adapting integrated circuit (IC) sensors to any of hundreds of commercially available immunoassay kits and custom designed DNA sequences.
We also introduce a method for immunotherapy treatment of malignant gliomas. We utilize leukocytes internalized with immunostimulatory nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugates to localize and retain immune cells near the tumor site. As a proof-of-principle, we develop a novel cell imaging and incubation chamber for in vitro magnetic motility experiments. We use the apparatus to demonstrate the controlled movement of magnetically loaded THP-1 leukocytes.
Finally, we introduce an IC transmitter and power ampli er (PA) that utilizes electronic digital infrastructure, sensors, and actuators to self-heal and adapt to process, dynamic, and environmental variation. Traditional IC design has achieved incredible degrees of reliability by ensuring that billions of transistors on a single IC die are all simultaneously functional. Reliability becomes increasingly difficult as the size of a transistor shrinks. Self-healing can mitigate these variations.
Item Type: | Thesis (Dissertation (Ph.D.)) | ||||||
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Subject Keywords: | sensing actuation biosensing glioma self-healing trafficking | ||||||
Degree Grantor: | California Institute of Technology | ||||||
Division: | Engineering and Applied Science | ||||||
Major Option: | Electrical Engineering | ||||||
Minor Option: | Biochemistry | ||||||
Thesis Availability: | Public (worldwide access) | ||||||
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Thesis Committee: |
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Defense Date: | 29 May 2015 | ||||||
Funders: |
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Record Number: | CaltechTHESIS:05302015-005943888 | ||||||
Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:05302015-005943888 | ||||||
DOI: | 10.7907/Z9NC5Z5M | ||||||
Default Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||
ID Code: | 8944 | ||||||
Collection: | CaltechTHESIS | ||||||
Deposited By: | Alex Pai | ||||||
Deposited On: | 05 Jun 2015 18:03 | ||||||
Last Modified: | 04 Oct 2019 00:08 |
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