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A Search for Pulsation in Young Brown Dwarfs and Very Low Mass Stars

Citation

Cody, Ann Marie (2012) A Search for Pulsation in Young Brown Dwarfs and Very Low Mass Stars. Dissertation (Ph.D.), California Institute of Technology. doi:10.7907/N3M2-TA49. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03302012-134254713

Abstract

In 2005, Palla and Baraffe proposed that brown dwarfs and very low mass stars (<0.1 solar masses) may be unstable to radial oscillations during the pre-main-sequence deuterium burning phase. With associated oscillation periods of 1-4 hours, this potentially new class of pulsation offers unprecedented opportunities to probe the interiors and evolution of low-mass objects in the 1-15 million year age range. Furthermore, several previous reports of short-period variability have suggested that deuterium-burning pulsation is in fact at work in young clusters.

For my dissertation, I developed a photometric monitoring campaign to search for low-amplitude periodic variability in young brown dwarfs and very low mass stars using meter-class telescopes from both the ground and space. The resulting high-precision, high-cadence time-series photometry targeted four young clusters and achieved sensitivity to periodic oscillations with photometric amplitudes down to several millimagnitudes. This unprecedented variability census probed timescales ranging from minutes to weeks in a sample of ~200 young, low-mass cluster members of IC 348, Sigma Orionis, Chamaeleon I, and Upper Scorpius. While I find a dearth of photometric periods under 10 hours, the campaign's high time resolution and precision have enabled detailed study of diverse light curve behavior in the clusters: rotational spot modulation, accretion signatures, and occultations by surrounding disk material. Analysis of the data has led to the establishment of a lower limit for the timescale of periodic photometric variability in young low-mass and substellar objects, an extension of the rotation period distribution to the brown dwarf regime, as well as insights into the connection between variability and circumstellar disks in the Sigma Orionis and Chamaeleon I clusters.

Item Type:Thesis (Dissertation (Ph.D.))
Subject Keywords:astronomy; brown dwarfs; star formation
Degree Grantor:California Institute of Technology
Division:Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy
Major Option:Astrophysics
Thesis Availability:Public (worldwide access)
Research Advisor(s):
  • Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
Group:Astronomy Department
Thesis Committee:
  • Sargent, Wallace L. W. (chair)
  • Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
  • Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
  • Hirata, Christopher M.
  • Carpenter, John M.
Defense Date:15 December 2011
Record Number:CaltechTHESIS:03302012-134254713
Persistent URL:https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03302012-134254713
DOI:10.7907/N3M2-TA49
Related URLs:
URLURL TypeDescription
https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/191/2/389DOIUNSPECIFIED
https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/741/1/9DOIUNSPECIFIED
ORCID:
AuthorORCID
Cody, Ann Marie0000-0002-3656-6706
Default Usage Policy:No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.
ID Code:6882
Collection:CaltechTHESIS
Deposited By: Ann Marie Cody
Deposited On:07 May 2012 16:35
Last Modified:30 May 2023 22:15

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